N. BENKIRANE-JESSEL
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 977, Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg Cedex, France

Abstract:

In recent years, considerable effort has been devoted to the design and controlled fabrication of structured materials with functional properties. The layer by layer buildup of polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM films) from oppositely charged polyelectrolytes1 offers new opportunities for the preparation of functionalized biomaterial coatings. This technique allows the preparation of supramolecular nano-architectures exhibiting specific properties in terms of control of cell activation and may also play a role in the development of local drug delivery systems. Peptides, proteins, drugs or DNA, chemically bound to polyelectrolytes or Cyclodextrins (CDs), adsorbed or embedded in PEM films, have been shown to retain their biological activities2-12. Recently, we have demonstrated for the first time the sequential induction of nuclear and /or cytoplasmic expression products, mediated by β-cyclodextrin embedded in a PEM film7.

In recent times, tissue engineering has merged with stem cell technology with interest to develop new sources of transplantable material for injury or disease treatment. Eminently interesting, are bone and joint injuries disorders because of the low self-regenerating capacity of the matrix secreting cells. We present here for the first time that embedded BMP-2 and CDs-TGFβ1 in a multilayered polyelectrolyte film can drive embryonic stem cells to the cartilage or bone differentiation depending on supplementary co-factors. We selected a model system made from layer by layer poly-ℓ-glutamic acid (PℓGA) and poly-ℓ-lysine succinylated (PℓLs) films into which BMP-2 and CDs-TGFβ1 have been embedded. Our results demonstrate clearly that we are able to induce osteogenesis in embryonic stem cells mediated by growth factors embedded in a polyelectrolyte multilayer film 8.

References

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2. Jessel, N. et al. Bioactive coatings based on a polyelectrolyte multilayer architecture functionalized by embedded proteins. Adv. Mater. 15, 692-695 (2003)
3. Jessel, N. et al. Build-up of polypeptide multilayer coatings with anti-inflammatory properties based on the embedding of piroxicam-cyclodextrin complexes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 14, 174-182 (2004)
4. Jessel, N. et al. Pyridylamino-beta-cyclodextrin as a molecular chaperone for lipopolysaccharide embedded in amultilayered polyelectrolyte architecture. Adv. Funct. Mater. 14, 963-969 (2004)
5. Jessel, N. et al. Control of monocyte morphology on and response to model surfaces for implants equipped with anti-inflammatory agents. Adv. Mater. 16, 1507-1511 (2004)
6. Jessel, N. et al. Short-time tuning of the biological activity of functionalized polyelectrolyte. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 648-654 (2005)
7. Jessel, N. et al. Multiple and time scheduled in situ DNA delivery mediated by β-cyclodextrin embedded in a polyelectrolyte multilayer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci (USA). 103, 8618-8621 (2006)
8. Dierich, A et al. Bone formation mediated by growth factors embedded in a polyelectrolyte multilayer film. Adv. Mater. 19, 693-697 (2007)
9. Zhang, X. et al. Transfection Ability and Intracellular DNA Pathway of Nanostructured Gene-Delivery Systems. Nanoletters. 13, 8, 2432-2436 (2008)
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11. Zhang, X. et al. Poly(L-lysine) nanostructured particles for gene delivery and hormone stimulation Biomaterials. 317, 1699-1706 (2010)
11. Facca, S. et al. Active nanostructured capsules as a new strategy for in vivo bone formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci (USA).107, 3406-3411 (2010)

Keywords: Nanostructured Active Biomaterials